Responses of Milling Quality to Nitrogen and Water Management in Modern Long Grain Rice Varieties
- 1 Agronomy Division, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- 2 Plant Genetic Resource and Nutrition Laboratory, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- 3 Agricultural Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
Abstract
This study determined how nitrogen (N) fertilizer and water management affect grain yield and milling quality of 9 modern rice varieties with long, slender grain in two field experiments. The effect of N on rice grown in wetland culture was evaluated at 0, 60 and 120 kg N ha-1. In a second experiment the rice in aerobic and wetland culture were compared. The rice in both experiments were grown to maturity and evaluated for yield, head rice yield and chalkiness. Grain yield increased with increasing N application, head rice yield increased with increasing N in 8 varieties, while chalkiness was more than halved in 7 varieties. Grain N also increased with increasing N fertilizer, but high head rice yield in several varieties was associated with relatively low grain N. Under aerobic cultivation, all 9 varieties yielded less than in wetland culture, the head rice yield was lower and chalkiness was higher except in 2 varieties. In both experiments, grain yield was associated positively with head rice yield and negatively with chalkiness. Head rice yield and chalkiness were negatively associated in the water experiment but not in the N experiment. This study has shown that modern high yielding rice varieties generally respond positively to nitrogen fertilizer in better milling quality as well as in yield. Grain chalkiness of the varieties was more stable against variation in the environment than head rice yield.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2019.213.221
Copyright: © 2019 Thitinan Sreethong, Benjavan Rerkasem, Bernard Dell, Sansanee Jamjod and Chanakan Prom-u-Thai. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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Keywords
- Nitrogen
- Aerobic Soil
- Wetland Culture
- Head Rice Yield
- Chalkiness