Research Article Open Access

Productive Traits and Reproductive Capacity of First-Calf Cows at Different Selection Options

Anuarbek Temirbekovich Bissembayev1, Dastanbek Asylbekovich Baimukanov1, Orest Antipovich Bassonov2, Kharon Adievich Amerkhanov3, Oleg Yurievich Petrov4 and Nadezhda Nikolaevna Kuzmina4
  • 1 Department of Animal Husbandry, Veterinary Medicine and Feed and Milk Quality Assessment, «Scientific and Production Center for Animal husbandry and Veterinary» LLP, Astana, Kazakhstan
  • 2 Department of Private Zootechnics, Rearing of Agricultural Animals and Obstetrics, Nizhny Novgorod State Agricultural Academy, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
  • 3 Departments of Dairy and Beef Cattle Breeding, «Russian State University-Moscow Agricultural Academy K. A. Timiryazev», Moscow, Russia
  • 4 Department of Technology of Meat and Dairy Products, Mari State University, Yoshkar-Ola, Russia

Abstract

The research work is aimed at determining and establishing the degree of influence of various selection options on the productive and reproductive qualities of the first-calf cows of the black-and-white breed. The research results showed that according to the Parental Index of Cows (PIC), animals of the 5th experimental group surpass their mates in the 2 and 3 groups in milk yield by 746 kg, with p≤0.05 and 1746 kg, with p≤0.001 and the difference in fat content is 0.07 and 0.01%, respectively. The same advantage in milk yield over the 3 experimental groups is possessed by the 1st control and the 4th experimental groups 1827 and 1885 kg, with p≤0.001. In terms of protein, group 3 cows are inferior to first-calf heifers of groups 1, 2, and 5 by 0.03, 0.08, and 0.09%, with a significant difference p≥0.99. Groups 1, 2, and 5 have superiority over animals of the 4th -0.03%, with p≤0.05, as well as 0.05 and 0.06%, with p≤0.01. The Realization of the Genetic Potential (RGP) in milk yield for 305 days of lactation was higher in the 5th experimental group and amounted to 88.3%, which is 7.1% more than in the control, with p≤0.05. For milk fat, animals of groups 1 and 3 have a high potential of 99.5 and 99.9%. In terms of the mass fraction of protein, first-calf heifers of the 1st control and the 4th experimental groups surpass their mates from group 3 by 2.1 and 1.8%, with p≤0.05. The control group has the most optimal indicator of the calving period (406.5), while the tested ones exceed it by more than 40 days. The service period in all groups has been increased by almost 2 times. The highest calf crop (92.3%) and reproduction rate (0.92%) are observed in the control group.

OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences
Volume 23 No. 2, 2023, 149-155

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2023.149.155

Submitted On: 26 July 2022 Published On: 10 March 2023

How to Cite: Bissembayev, A. T., Baimukanov, D. A., Bassonov, O. A., Amerkhanov, K. A., Petrov, O. Y. & Kuzmina, N. N. (2023). Productive Traits and Reproductive Capacity of First-Calf Cows at Different Selection Options. OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences, 23(2), 149-155. https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2023.149.155

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Keywords

  • Cow
  • First-Calf Cow
  • Milk
  • Selection
  • Productivity
  • Black and White Breed