Influence of Sowing Dates, Soil Fertility and Crop Rotation System on Increasing the Yield Level of Various Varieties of Spring Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

Abstract

One of the most important branches of agriculture is crop production, from which people receive most of their basic foodstuffs, animal feed, and raw materials for the main industries. The most important goal of crop production is to increase yields in every possible way and, as a result, increase the production of grain, feed, and other products. The study aimed to analyze the influence of sowing dates, soil fertility, and crop rotation system on the yield level of various varieties of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). To achieve this goal, field and production experiments, laboratory analyses, and phenological observations were carried out in Akmola and North Kazakhstan regions with different soil and climatic conditions. The following activities and experiments were carried out: Agrochemical survey of experimental and production fields, sowing and harvesting of various wheat varieties. The influence of sowing dates, fertility parameters, as well as various technical aspects of the use of crop rotations on the level of wheat yield has been analyzed. It has been concluded that it is possible to increase the yield of wheat in the current economic conditions under the condition of optimization and strict compliance with the basic agrotechnological requirements, such as compliance with optimal sowing dates, the introduction of scientifically based crop rotations and economically advantageous structure of crops and planned compensation of those nutrients that are at a minimum to increase soil fertility.