Neurobehavioral Potential of Cod Liver Oil in Experimental Depressed Rats: Insights into Ingestive, Cognitive, and Motor Functions

Abstract

Depression-induced variations in the metabolic and neurological components have been given more attention in research. The chronic unpredictable stress rodent model mimics daily human life stressors. This study aimed to elucidate the defensive role of cod liver oil on memory, behavioral variations, and sensorimotor coordination in the Wistar rat model of comorbid depression. Wistar albino rats were categorized into the control group and the experimental group. Based on the stress exposure, cod liver oil, and antidepressant drug treatment, the rats were categorized into various subgroups. The treatment procedure and the stress exposure were done for 15 days. The ingestive behavior was monitored daily, and the body weight changes were also noted. The behavioral, cognitive, and sensorimotor coordination was completed on the 16th day. Cod liver oil stabilized the ingestive behavior, improved sensory motor coordination, and reduced anxiety behavior. The present results confirmed that cod liver oil was an efficient antidepressant. The role of cod liver oil as an antidepressant agent could be due to the molecular and cellular mechanisms. This could aid in investigating possible treatments that could target depression and anxiety through a dietary approach.